1. Feed machinery equipment accessories spindle spline seat product introduction
In the feed machinery equipment, the spindle spline seat is a key connection component, which plays an extremely important role in power transmission and equipment operation stability. Whether it is a feed crusher, mixer or granulator and other equipment, the spindle spline seat bears the heavy task of accurately connecting the spindle with other transmission components, and its performance directly affects the efficiency, reliability and service life of the entire equipment.
2. Structure composition
Splined shaft sleeve
The spline shaft sleeve is the core part of the spindle spline seat, and its inner wall is processed with spline teeth. The shape of spline teeth usually has many forms such as rectangle, involute and so on, among which the rectangular spline is widely used because of its convenient processing and high centering accuracy. The outer diameter of the splined shaft sleeve is matched with the housing or other mounting parts of the equipment and is connected by bolts or other fastening methods to ensure its stable position in the equipment. The spline teeth on the inner wall are engaged with the spline on the main shaft to achieve power transmission and accurate circumferential positioning. The length of the spline shaft sleeve depends on the design requirements of the equipment, and it is necessary to ensure sufficient mesh length to withstand large torque transmission.
Seat body
The seat body is a structural component supporting the spline shaft sleeve, generally made of casting or forging process, and the material is mostly high-quality carbon steel or alloy steel. The shape and size of the seat body are designed according to the overall layout and installation requirements of the equipment, and usually have a certain thickness and strength to ensure that the spline shaft sleeve can be stably supported during the operation of the equipment and withstand forces from all directions. The mounting holes are provided on the base for connecting to the rack or other fixed parts of the device. The positions and number of mounting holes must be precisely designed to ensure the accuracy and stability of the installation position. In addition, the seat may also be designed with some auxiliary structures, such as reinforcement bars, heat sinks, etc., to enhance its strength and heat dissipation performance.
End caps and seals
The end cover is usually installed at both ends of the body, used to close the end of the spline shaft sleeve, and to protect the internal spline meshing part. The end cover is generally made of metal plate stamping or casting, and is connected with the seat body by bolts. Seals are usually installed between the end cover and the spline shaft sleeve, as well as between the seat and the spindle, such as rubber seals, oil seals, etc., the purpose is to prevent dust, impurities, moisture, etc. from entering the spline meshing part, protect the spline tooth surface from wear and corrosion, and also prevent the leakage of lubricating oil to ensure the normal lubrication and operation of the equipment. The selection of seals should be comprehensively considered according to the working environment, temperature, pressure and other factors of the equipment to ensure the reliability of its sealing performance.
3. Material characteristics
Splined shaft sleeve material
The material of the spline shaft sleeve is generally selected as medium carbon steel or alloy steel, such as 45 steel, 40Cr, etc. No. 45 steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, after appropriate heat treatment (such as tempering treatment), the hardness can reach HB217-255, which can meet the strength and toughness requirements of general feed machinery and equipment for splined shaft sleeve. 40Cr alloy steel due to the chromium element, its strength and hardenability is higher, after tempering and surface quenching treatment, the surface hardness can be increased to HRC50-55, with better wear resistance and fatigue resistance, suitable for bearing large torque and impact load occasions, such as large feed crusher or pelletizer spindle spline seat. For some equipment working in special environments, such as wet or corrosive media environment, spline shaft sleeve can be made of stainless steel, such as 304 stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance, can effectively prevent the spline tooth surface rust and corrosion, to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.
Seat material
The material of the base mainly considers its strength, stiffness and casting or forging performance. High-quality carbon steel such as No. 45 steel is one of the commonly used base materials, which has high strength and toughness, and can meet the requirements of most feed machinery and equipment. In some cases with higher requirements for strength and stiffness of the seat, alloy steel materials can be selected, such as 42CrMo. After proper heat treatment, the strength and hardness of the alloy steel base can be further improved, and it can better withstand various forces during the operation of the equipment. In addition, for some large or heavy duty feed machinery and equipment, the base can be made of cast steel material, cast steel has good casting performance, can produce a complex shape, large size of the base, and its internal organization is dense, high strength and toughness, can ensure the reliability under high load working conditions.
Seal material
The material selection of seals depends on the working environment and sealing requirements of the equipment. Rubber sealing ring is one of the most commonly used seals, which has good elasticity and sealing performance, and can adapt to a certain temperature and pressure changes. For general feed machinery and equipment, when working at normal temperature and pressure, ordinary rubber seals can meet the requirements. However, in high temperature environments, such as feed expander and other equipment, it is necessary to choose high temperature resistant rubber materials, such as fluororubber seals, which can maintain good elasticity and sealing performance at higher temperatures to prevent oil leakage and impurities from entering. The oil seal is mainly used to prevent the leakage of lubricating oil, and its material is generally a combination of rubber and metal skeleton, the rubber part plays a sealing role, and the metal skeleton enhances the strength and stability of the oil seal. In the environment of corrosive media, seals can be made of corrosion-resistant rubber materials or other special sealing materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, to ensure its sealing effect in harsh environments.
4. Manufacturing process
Spline shaft sleeve manufacturing technology
The manufacture of the splined shaft sleeve usually begins with forging or turning the blank. For splined shaft sleeves made of medium carbon steel or alloy steel, forged blanks can make the structure of the material more dense and improve its strength and toughness. After forging, the blank should be annealed or normalized to eliminate the forging stress and improve the cutting performance. Then the turning process is carried out to process the blank into a rough shape, including the outer circle, the inner hole and the end face. Then the milling or broaching process is used to process the spline tooth shape. The milling process is suitable for small batch production of single pieces, and the broaching process is suitable for mass production. The broaching process produces the spline tooth shape with higher precision and better surface quality. After the spline tooth shape machining is completed, heat treatment is carried out according to the material and performance requirements, such as tempering treatment or surface quenching treatment. The quenching treatment can make the spline shaft sleeve obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties, and the surface quenching can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the spline tooth surface. Finally, the spline shaft sleeve is grinding, including cylindrical grinding and inner hole grinding, to improve its dimensional accuracy and surface finish, to ensure a good fit with the spindle and seat.
Base system manufacturing technology
The manufacturing process of the base varies according to its material and shape. For the casting base, the casting mold must first be made according to the design requirements, and then the molten metal is poured into the mold, and the blank of the base body is formed after solidification and cooling. In the casting process, it is necessary to strictly control the composition of the metal liquid, temperature, pouring speed and other process parameters to ensure the quality of the body blank and reduce the casting defects such as pores, shrinkage holes and sand holes. After the casting blank is released, it needs to be annealed to eliminate the casting stress and improve the cutting performance of the material. Then mechanical processing, including turning, milling, drilling, boring and other processes, processing the shape of the seat, mounting holes, mating surfaces and other parts to ensure its dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy. For the forged base, the manufacturing process is similar to the forged blank of the splined shaft sleeve, which is annealed or normalized after forging and then machined. After the machining is completed, the base is heat treated as needed, such as tempering treatment, to improve its strength and hardness. Finally, the surface treatment of the base body, such as spray painting, galvanized, etc., to improve its corrosion resistance and appearance quality.
Seal manufacturing process
The manufacturing process of rubber sealing ring generally includes mixing, molding, vulcanization and other processes. Mixing is the rubber raw materials and various additives (such as vulcanization agent, accelerator, filler, etc.) in the mixer or open mixer for uniform mixing, to make a certain performance of the rubber compound. Molding is to process the rubber mixture into the shape of the seal ring by extruder or mold pressing. Vulcanization is a key process in the manufacture of rubber seals. Under certain temperature, pressure and time conditions, rubber molecules are cross-linked to form vulcanized rubber products with high elasticity and good sealing performance. The manufacturing process of the oil seal is relatively complex, and the metal skeleton must be manufactured first, which is generally made by stamping or machining. Then the rubber material is coated on the metal skeleton, and it is firmly combined with the metal skeleton through the vulcanization process to form an oil seal product. In the manufacturing process, the process parameters of each process should be strictly controlled to ensure that the quality and performance of the seals meet the requirements.
5. Performance characteristics
High-precision power transmission
The spindle spline seat realizes the power transmission between the spindle and other transmission parts through the engagement of the spline. The precise machining of the spline tooth shape and the good matching precision can ensure the accuracy and stability of the power transmission. Compared with other connection methods, such as flat key connection, spline connection has higher centering accuracy and bearing capacity, which can effectively reduce vibration and noise during power transmission and improve the working stability of equipment. In feed pelletizing machines, high-precision power transmission ensures the uniformity and stability of the pelletizing process, making the quality of the produced feed pellets more consistent.
High carrying capacity
Since feed machinery and equipment need to withstand large torque, axial and radial forces in the working process, the spindle spline seat must have a high load capacity. The material selection and reasonable structural design of the splined shaft sleeve and seat make it able to withstand the action of these forces without deformation, damage or failure. For example, in a large feed crusher, the spindle spline seat needs to withstand the huge torque and impact force from the high-speed rotating spindle, and its high strength and high rigidity structure can ensure the normal operation of the equipment and prevent equipment failure due to damage to the connecting parts.
Good centering performance
One of the characteristics of the spline connection is that it has good centering performance, and the spindle spline seat ensures that the spindle always maintains an accurate center position during rotation, avoiding unbalanced forces and vibration caused by eccentricity. Good centering performance is particularly important for the high-speed operation of feed machinery and equipment, which can reduce the wear of the equipment, extend the service life of the equipment, and also help to improve the work efficiency and product quality of the equipment. For example, in the feed mixer, the stable centering of the spindle can ensure that the mixing blade evenly mixes the material, so that the material is mixed more fully and evenly.
Reliable sealing performance
The seal of the spindle spline seat can effectively prevent dust, impurities, moisture, etc. from entering the spline meshing part and the inside of the equipment, and also prevent the leakage of lubricating oil. The reliable sealing performance ensures the normal lubrication and operating environment of the equipment, and reduces the occurrence of spline wear, corrosion and equipment failure caused by the entry of impurities. In wet or dusty feed production environments, good sealing performance can ensure the long-term stable operation of the spindle spline seat and improve the reliability and durability of the equipment.
6. FAQ
Q: What is the main material of the spindle spline seat?
A: The spindle spline seat is usually made of high-strength steel or alloy steel to ensure that it has sufficient strength and wear resistance. These materials can withstand high loads and long periods of use.
Q: What are the surface treatment processes for the spindle spline seat?
A: The common surface treatment processes for the spindle spline seat include quenching, carburizing and nitriding. These processes can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the surface and extend the service life.
Q: How to ensure the transmission efficiency of the spindle spline seat?
A: In order to ensure the transmission efficiency of the spindle spline seat, the coordination accuracy between the shaft and the spline seat should be ensured, and the lubrication system should be regularly checked and maintained to keep the lubricating oil clean and appropriate.
Q: What problems may occur during the use of the spindle spline seat?
A: The spindle spline seat may have problems such as wear, fracture, deformation or poor fit during use. These problems are usually caused by overload, inadequate lubrication, or material defects.
Q: What are the heat treatment processes of the spindle spline seat?
A: The heat treatment process of the spindle spline seat includes quenching, tempering and normalizing. These processes can improve the mechanical properties of the material, increase its hardness and wear resistance, and thus extend the service life of the spindle spline seat.
